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EUROGAM PROJECT\par
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NSF DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM\par
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High Voltage server manual\par
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Edition 2.4\par
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January 1995\par
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Nuclear Structure Software Support Group\par
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Liverpool University\par
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\section{Introduction}

This document describes the software in the Eurogam High Voltage 
Server. It is assumed that the reader has some knowledge of the LeCroy 1440
High Voltage system and the 1445A controller. The High Voltage server is
installed in the VME crate {\bf eghv} which it shares with the
{\em Rate Monitor}.

This document reflects {\bf version 2.4} of the VME server software.

The first two chapters is a general users guide to the server,
whilst the rest is technical documentation, meant to aid software
development and maintenance.

The {\bf Eurogam High Voltage system (phase 2)} contains the following main components:
\begin{itemize}
\item Four LeCroy 1440 mainframes with 1445A controllers. These provide high
voltage to the GE and BGO detectors in the EUROGAM array.
\item A VME crate (eghv) with MV147 CPU and a LeCroy 1131 VME-SIB card.
The SIB card interfaces between the VME crate and the 1440 mainframes through the
LeCroy SIB bus (parallel).
\item A SUN workstation for display and control of voltages. This workstation
is connected to the VME crate via ethernet and communicates with it by means
of the Eurogam Register Server (ERS).
\item A SUN file server. This is where the VME crate is booted from. The file
server is also used for storage of demand voltages and configuration data.
\end{itemize}

The 1440 mainframes take their commands over the SIB parallel bus which
connects them to the LeCroy VME1131 card in the VME crate via a 60 pin 
ribbon cable. The HV server in the VME crate is linked to the SUN workstation
via ethernet and interpretes commands from these and translates them into the
command format recognised by the 1445A controller.
The HV server also monitors the LeCroy mainframes and report status
changes to the Eurogam message logger. It also continuously displays status
information on its console terminal.

\section{MAINTENANCE}

{\bf I M P O R T A N T :}

{\bf NEVER power the VME crate off or on with the SIB bus connected !!!! }
{\em Booting by command or by pushbutton is safe in Eurogam phase 2}.

\subsection{LeCroy 1131 VME-SIB}
Make sure that Rate Monitor card addresses do not clash with the address of
the VME1131. In phase 2 the base address for the VME1131 is {\bf 0xf0e00000}.
\subsection{SETTING UP FOR COMPUTER CONTROL via SIB BUS}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Connect the CONSOLE terminal to {\bf serial port 1} of the VME crate.
\item Plug the ribbon cable into the SIB ports on mainframes 1, 2, 3 and 4 and
into the front of the 1131 VME-SIB card.
\item Make sure that ONE AND ONLY ONLY {\bf terminated} 1445A is connected
to the SIB bus. The termination should be at the end of the chain.
\item Boot the VME crate by pushing the MANUAL SYSTEM RESET button.
\end{enumerate}
\end{itemize}

\subsection{REVERTING TO SERIAL OPERATION}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Halt the High Voltage server by typing HALT at the console
\item Unplug the ribbon cable at the VME end, leave it connected at the
mainframes.
\item Connect the console terminal to the serial port of the mainframe you 
want to investigate.
\end{enumerate}
\end{itemize}

\subsection{TAKING A MAINFRAME DOWN (from HV console)}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Type MAINFRAME 1 (2,3 or 4) at the HV console
\item Give command BACKUP; stores demands in battery backed up RAM
\item Give command WRITE (0-15,0-15) 0 ; this ramps the voltages down.
\item Wait until all voltages have ramped down
\item Give the command OFF; this disables High Voltage generation
\item Type Q to return to HV console menue.
\item Halt the server by typing HALT at the console
\item Switch mains power off
\item .......
\item Switch mains power ON again
\item Start the High Voltage server by typing RESTART at the console
\item Type MAINFRAME 1 (2,3 or 4) 
\item Give command: COPY; restores demands from battery backup up RAM
\item Give command: ON; enables the High Voltage generation
\item Check that the voltages ramp up
\item Type Q to return to HV console menue.
\end{enumerate}
\end{itemize}

If the communication between the HV server and the LeCroy mainframes breaks
down, the server will halt immediately and the console will display the cause
of the error. For instance, if you unplug the SIB ribbon cable without typing
halt first this will happen.

\subsection{CONSOLE COMMANDS}

The console interface has a display part which at any time shows the state
of the HV server and each of the mainframes. It also displays any errors
which may occur. You can investigate further using the following commands:

\subsubsection{BLANK}
Initialises the display.
\subsubsection{DEBUG}
This commands enables debug output to the console. The type of output is
determined by the parameters given.
\begin{itemize}
\item 0 - turn off debug output
\item 1 - list responses from mainframes
\item 2 - list commands sent to mainframes
\end{itemize}
Executing other commands automatically sets DEBUG to zero.
\subsubsection{MAINFRAME}
This commands take mainframe address as argument.
It allows the user to access each individual mainframe in the manner
which it is done from the 1445A serial interface. However three of the
1445A commands are not available: WHO, MAINFRAME and MONITOR.
The HV server automatically halts when the MAINFRAME command is given.

You can change mainframe by typing CTRL F. This will connect you to the
next mainframe in the chain. See the 1445A users manual for a full guide to
the commands here.

WARNING: due to an error in the 1445As, long output sequences get messed up.
Be ware of this when giving commands like READ (0-15,0-15).
Another 1445A error causes every 256 character sent to it to be corrupted,
so from time to time you will get "UNRECOGNISED COMMMAND" even when you
have typed it in correctly. These faults will hopefully be 
corrected by LeCroy in the next 1445A firmware version.

You return to the main menu by typing {\bf Q}. This also restarts the 
High Voltage server.

\subsection{MONITOR}
Monitor all the voltages in a mainframe. The command takes a mainframe number
as argument. The voltages are updated every second. They are displayed slot
by slot from left to right. You stop by typing any character. Note that this
is NOT the same as the MONITOR command used on the serial line. The command
is not available when the server is halted.
\subsubsection{HALT}
Halt the HV server. All communication with the LeCroy mainframes will cease.
This command is intended to be used when you for some reason have to power off
the mainframes. It should also be used if you intend to connect the mainframes
to a terminal via the serial ports. Note that the server halts automatically
whenever a communication problem on the SIB bus occurs.
\subsubsection{RESTART}
Resumes communication on the SIB bus after the server has been halted. If 
mainframes have been added or removed since the last boot, the system will
reboot automatically.
\subsection{REBOOT}
Reboots the VME crate. When doing this you also reboot the Rate Monitor so
you should take care to chack that nobody is using the Rate Monitor.
{\bf This does NOT affect the High Voltage supply itself}.


\subsubsection{ERROR}
Lists a summary of errors in the HV server. These are most likely to be
DMA errors in the case of lost communication with the mainframes. You will
observe this if you switch a mainframe off without halting the server first.
Under normal circumstances the reply should be {\bf none}.
\subsubsection{HELP}
Prints a brief summary of the commands.
\subsubsection{SHELL}
Escapes to the VxWorks shell.  You return to the console menu by typing {\bf Res}.
\subsubsection{SHOW}
SHOW takes MAINFRAME address and parameters type as arguments. Currently only
two parameter are available.

Examples:
\begin{verbatim}
SHOW 1 VOLTAGES - list all voltages in mainframe 1
SHOW 4 USE      - shows which detectors are connected to which channel in
		  mainframe 4.
\end{verbatim}
\subsubsection{STATS}
Print the following information on a mainframe:
\begin{itemize}
\item no. of channels USED (0 if wire list has not been generated)
\item no. of channels ON (voltage within tolerance and demand non-zero)
\item no. of channels OFF (less than 100 volts, and no demand)
\item no. of channels RAMPING 
\item no. of channels with voltage out of range (default tolerance +-20 volts)
\item no. of channels with demands differing from zero
\end{itemize}

NB! The USED field will show zero if no wire list has been generated.

\section{Server startup}
The High Voltage server is initialised by the VxWorks startup script
{\em startup.cmd}. Here the necessary object files are loaded and server
is started by calling {\bf hvStart}.

The following files must be loaded before the High Voltage Server can
be started:
\begin{verbatim}
"message.o"
"register-server.o"
"vxShare.o"
"hvShare.o"
"hvSib.o"
"hvComm.o"
"hvMain.o"
"hvRegs.o"
"hvConsole.o"
\end{verbatim}

The server is invoked as follows:
\begin{verbatim}
hvStart(configfile,VME1131 address)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{itemize}
\item Configname is the file where the wire list for the High Voltage
system resides.
\item The VME address is set to 0xf0e00000 by default.
\end{itemize}

When the server starts,  it first checks that the register server
is running. Then it will initialise the HV server, check for presence of a
VME1131 card and 1445A mainframes, read the current state of these to ensure
that the VME and 1445A states are consistent, and then enter the main loop.

Simultaneously the "CONSOLE" task is started. This controls input and output to
the console (serial port 1), and incorporates some commands for monitoring and
debugging. The console will ALWAYS display status for the server and each of
the connected mainframes.

The server main loop carries out the following:

\begin{itemize}
\item Checks the status of all the mainframes.
\item Reads HV measurements into local memory (DMA)
\item Checks if any values have been changed by register server, and writes the
changes through to the 1440 mainframes.
\item Checks if voltages are within limits.
\item Sends messages to the Eurogam message logger when appropriate
\end{itemize}

Each mainframe is assigned a task to take care of the SIB communication.

Another task, {\bf hvSuper} checks the others tasks for unexpected deletions
and suspensions (bus errors etc).
\newpage
\section{SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE}
The code resides in the directory {\em /eg/highVoltage/src} on the
machine {\bf nsa} at Liverpool. Copies of the code can be found at Daresbury
({\em nnsa} and Strasbourg ({\em orchidee}.

The system is generated by typing {\em make} in /eg/highVoltage/src.
First the environment must be set by sourcing the file {\em make\_env}.

The code is found in subdirectories as follows:

\begin{itemize}
\item vxshare - General purpose code (shared)
\item vxlib - General purpose code (not shared)
\item share - Shared HV server code
\item regs - Registers for the EG register server
\item console - Console user task
\item main - Interface between the register server and the 1445A commands
Supervision and control.
\item comm - 1445A command level code
\item sib - SIB bus level code
\end{itemize}

If need to make individual directories, you type makeit as on the top level.

The object files are:
\begin{verbatim}
hvComm.o	hvMain.o	hvRegs.o	hvSib.o
hvConsole.o	hvShare.o	vxShare.o
\end{verbatim}

\section{EUROGAM REGISTERS}
The register names and attributes are automatically set up during initialisation
of the HV server. The SIB bus is scanned for presence of LeCroy High Voltage
modules and the appropriate registers are defined for each individual 
mainframe, card and HV channel in the system.
The wirelist is a number of aliases which binds an array position to a specific
channel in the HV system. 

The REGISTERS are grouped according to four functional levels in the HV server.
They are as follows:

\begin{itemize}
\item Server level (classes: sysSwrev, sysState, sysPrmap, control, wire)
\item Mainframe level (classes: mfControl, mfCurlim, mfModmap, mfState, mfStats)
\item 1444 Card level (class: gecardValue)
\item 1443/1444 Channel level (classes: gechanValue, bgchanValue)
\end{itemize}

Here are some {\em attributes} which are commonly used for the High Voltage
Server registers:
\begin{itemize}
\item mainframe address 0 .. 15
\item slot number 0 .. 15
\item channel number 0 .. 15 (1443P)
\item channel number 0 .. 7 (1444N)
\item register subclass eg. "ramp", "voltage"
\end{itemize}

\subsection{HV server references}
These register have no attributes.

\subsubsection{System state}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] sysState
\item[Access] Read only
\item[Data] "uninitialised","running", "initialising", "halted", "down",
"configuring", "no\_vme1131"
\item [Description] The value is one of the above, describing the state of
the High Voltage Server software. Note that these values are mutually
exclusive. If the state differs from {\bf running}, the contents of the
registers below server level will reflect the situation at the moment the
system state changed from {\em running}.
level are unavailable.
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread hv.state
hv.state                      : running
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{Mainframe presence map}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] sysPrmap
\item [Data] a list of the mainframe addresses present.
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread hv.prmap
hv.prmap                      : 1 2 3 4
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{Software revision status}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] sysSwrev
\item[Access] Read only
\item [Data] Revision number of the High Voltage server
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread hv.swrev
hv.swrev                      : Revision 2.4 - Dec 15 1994
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{Error information}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] sysError
\item[Access] Read write
\item [Data] String indicating the latest error in the server.
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread hv.error
hv.error                      : illegal demand voltage : (2,03,00): 4480

erswrite hv.error -a 0

Writing anything will clear the error.
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{1131 VME-SIB address}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] sysVmeadr
\item[Access] Read only
\item [Data] VME address of 1131 card
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread hv.vmead
hv.vmead                      : 0xf0e00000
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{Wire list status}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] wire
\item[Access] Read only
\item [Data] OK or ERROR
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread hv.wirel
hv.wirel                      : OK
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{Crate control}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] control
\item[Data] name of VxWorks function
\item[Access] Read Write
\item [Description] Executes a VxWorks function (no arguments).
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
erswrite vx.control -a reboot
written to vx.control	
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{Application list}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] aplist
\item[Data] string of application ids
\item[Access] Read
\item [Description] Read codes for aplications present in the crate
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread vx.aplist
vx.aplist                     : rt hv
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{Available memory}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] aplist
\item[Data] size of largest memory block (decimal)
\item[Access] Read
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread vx.memsize
vx.memsize                    : 1091008
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{Reboot info}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] rbinfo
\item[Data] Date and time of last reboot
\item[Access] Read
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread vx.rbinfo
vx.rbinfo                     : 03/01/95 16:46:23
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{VxWorks version}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] version
\item[Data] VxWorks version string
\item[Access] Read
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread vx.version
vx.version                    : 5.1
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{MAINFRAME REFERENCES}
All these registers have mainframe address as their attribute:

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersrda "*(1)"
control(1)                    : 1
curlim(1)                     : 1
fwrev(1)                      : 1
modmap(1)                     : 1
state(1)                      : 1
stats(1)                      : 1
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{Mainframe control commands}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] mfControl
\item[Access] Write only
\item[Data]
\begin{itemize}
\item "backup"
\item "copy"
\item "on"
\item "off"
\item "set reboot cold"
\item "set reboot warm"
\item "set reboot hot"
\item "clear"
\end{itemize}
\item [Description] These commands correspond directly to commands accepted
by the 1445A controller.
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
erswrite "control(1)" -a on
written to "control(1)"

erswrite "control(1)" -a set reboot warm
written to "control(1)"
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{Mainframe state}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] mfState
\item[Access] Read only
\item[Data]
\begin{itemize}
\item "ramping"
\item "on" (high voltage on)
\item "off" (high voltage off)
\item "reboot\_cold" (reboot parameter cold)
\item "reboot\_warm" (reboot parameter warm)
\item "reboot\_hot" (reboot parameter hot)
\item "uncalibrated"
\item "tripped"
\item "disabled" (inhibit by HV enable button on mainframe)
\item "sib\_fault" (communication fault)
\item "error" (voltage out of range)
\end{itemize}
\item [Description] This is the status for a single mainframe. The values
are not mutually exclusive. However, when a "sib\_fault" occurs
real state of the mainframe is not known, so the other fields carry
meaningless information.
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread "state(1)"
state(1)                      : on reboot_warm
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{Current limit BGO}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] mfCurlim
\item[Access] Read Write
\item[Data] current limit in uAmpere (range 0  ..  2550). Unit uA (micro ampere)
\item [Description] The current limit for all the 1443P-cards in the mainframe.
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread "curlim(1)"
curlim(1)                     : 2550
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{Firmware version number}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] mfFwrev
\item[Access] Read only
\item [Description] Returns the revision number of the firmware running in
the 1445A controller.
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread "fwrev(1)"
fwrev(1)                      : LeCroy 1445A Version 3.07
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{Mainframe statistics}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] mfStats
\item[Access] Read only
\item [Description] Returns the number of channels that are
\begin{itemize}
\item BGOs Used (wired)
\item BGOs On
\item BGOs Off
\item BGOs Ramping
\item BGOs Out of range
\item BGO Demands other than zero
\item GEs Used (wired)
\item GEs On
\item GEs Off
\item GEs Ramping
\item GEs Out of range
\end{itemize}
the 1445A controller.
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread "stats(?)"
stats(1)                      : {256 256 0 0 0 256 } {0 0 0 0 0 0 }
stats(2)                      : {178 178 14 0 0 178 } {0 0 0 0 0 0 }
stats(3)                      : {250 250 6 0 0 250 } {0 0 0 0 0 0 }
stats(4)                      : {0 0 0 0 0 0 } {54 46 18 0 0 46 }
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{Module map}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] mfModmap
\item[Access] Read only
\item[Description] The card-types
in each slot are listed from slot 0 to 16 with empty slots marked "-".
\begin{itemize}
\item "-"	(empty)
\item 1443P
\item 1444N
\end{itemize}
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread "modmap(4)"
modmap(4)                     :  -   -  1444P 1444P 1444P  -   -   -   -  1444N 
                                 1444N 1444N 1444N 1444N  -   -
\end{verbatim}
\subsection{HV card references}
These registers all have attributes {\em mainframe address},
{\em slot number} and {\em subclass}.

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersrda "*(4,02)"
curtrip(4,02)                 : 4 2 curtrip
hwramp(4,02)                  : 4 2 hwramp
\end{verbatim}

Only one register class is defined at this level:

\subsubsection{1444N card specific value}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] gecardValue
\item[Access] see individual subclasses
\item[Subclasses]
\begin{itemize}
\item "hwramp" hardware ramp (rw). Unit: raw decimal.
\item "curtrip" current trip (rw). Unit: raw decimal.
\end{itemize}
\item [Description] Returns the value of a card-specific parameter.
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Example:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread "*(4,02)"
curtrip(4,02)                 : 1023
hwramp(4,02)                  : 16383
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{HV channel references}
These registers have attributes {\em mainframe address}, {\em slot number},
{\em channel number} and {\em subclass}.

Example (1443):
\begin{verbatim}
ersrda "*(1,02,00)"
demand(1,02,00)               : 1 2 0 demand
name(1,02,00)                 : 1 2 0 name
ramp(1,02,00)                 : 1 2 0 ramp
state(1,02,00)                : 1 2 0 state
tol(1,02,00)                  : 1 2 0 tol
vlimit(1,02,00)               : 1 2 0 vlimit
voltage(1,02,00)              : 1 2 0 voltage
\end{verbatim}

Example (1444):
\begin{verbatim}
ersrda "*(4,11,00)"
actrip(4,11,00)               : 4 11 0 actrip
demand(4,11,00)               : 4 11 0 demand
name(4,11,00)                 : 4 11 0 name
ramp(4,11,00)                 : 4 11 0 ramp
state(4,11,00)                : 4 11 0 state
tol(4,11,00)                  : 4 11 0 tol
vlimit(4,11,00)               : 4 11 0 vlimit
voltage(4,11,00)              : 4 11 0 voltage
\end{verbatim}

\subsubsection{HV channel value}
\begin{itemize}
\begin{description}
\item[Class] gechanValue or bgchanValue
\item[Access] see subclasses
\item[Subclasses] 
\begin{itemize}
\item "demand", (rw), volts
\item "ramp", (rw), volts/second
\item "vlimit", (rw), volts
\item "ac\_trip", (rw), raw decimal, 1444 only
\item "tol", (rw), volts
\item "voltage", (r), volts
\item "state", (r), text message: on,off,ramping, error
\item "name", (r), text message: occupation info
\end{itemize}
\item [Description] Reads and writes values of channel specific parameters.
Note that two adjacent channels share the ACTRIP value (eg. ch 0 and 1).
\end{description}
\end{itemize}

Examples:
\begin{verbatim}
ersread "*(4,11,00)"
actrip(4,11,00)               : 16383
demand(4,11,00)               : 0
name(4,11,00)                 : ge17
ramp(4,11,00)                 : 10
state(4,11,00)                : off
tol(4,11,00)                  : 30
vlimit(4,11,00)               : 4500
voltage(4,11,00)              : -9
\end{verbatim}

\newpage
\section{APPENDIX}
\begin{verbatim}
# ======================================================
#    Startup for Eurogam High Voltage & Rate Monitor
# ======================================================
< /eg/boot/startup.cmd
#
_hvDebug= 2;
_rmDebug= 0;
objpath= "/eg/obj";
workpath= "/eg/highVoltage/work";
cd (objpath);
ld (0,0,"message.o");
ld (0,0,"register-server.o");
ld (0,0,"vxShare.o");
#
setServer(server);
setRloginHost(server);
setRshellHost(server);
setObjPath(objpath);
rdate();
#
ld (0,0,"hvShare.o");
ld (0,0,"hvSib.o");
ld (0,0,"hvComm.o");
ld (0,0,"hvMain.o");
ld (0,0,"hvRegs.o");
ld (0,0,"hvConsole.o");
ld (0,0,"rateMonitor.o");
#
cd (workpath);
ersStart();
rtStart ("/eg/config/eghv/rtconfig.d");
hvStart ("/eg/config/eghv/hvconfig.d",0xf0e00000);
\end{verbatim}

\newpage

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\font\large=cmssbx10 at 20.74truept

\large
\vskip 1.5truein
Jomar H{\o}nsi
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Liverpool, 10th of January 1995
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E-mail: jh@ns.ph.liv.ac.uk
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Telephone: int + 51 794 3398
\end{document}